4-sensors LCD

Overview

An AD converter is mounted on the power supply leaf to monitor the battery voltage. It measures not only temperature, humidity, illumination, and tilt, but also battery voltage and displays it on the LCD.

How to compensate for temperature (or humidity)

If there is a discrepancy between the temperature (or humidity) you want to display and the temperature (or humidity) of the 4-Sensors, perform the correction between the two points. For details, see here.

Leaf to use

Type Name Q’ty
AI04 LCD 1
AI01 4-Sensors 1
AP01 AVR MCU 1
AZ01 USB 1
AX03 Leaf×2 1
AV01 CR2032 1
AZ62 Connector Cover 2
AZ63 Nut Plate 1
CR2032 coin cell battery 1
M2*15mm screw 4

Assembly

assemble1

Source code

  • 4-Sensors, LCD, and AVR MCU library(timer interrupt) are required for writing. Please include the libraries beforehand. For details, see here.
  • In the Arduino IDE, write the following sketch on the microcontroller board.
//=====================================================================
//  Leafony Platform sample sketch
//     Application  : 4-Sensors with LCD
//     Processor    : ATmega328P (3.3V /8MHz)
//     Arduino IDE  : 1.8.13
//
//     Leaf configuration
//       (1) AI01 4-Sensors
//       (2) AI04 LCD
//       (3) AP01 AVR MCU
//       (4) AZ01 USB
//
//		(c)2020 Trillion-Node Study Group
//		Released under the MIT license
//		https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
//
//      Rev.00 2019/08/20 First release
//      Rev.01 2020/07/29 不要部分削除等体裁修正
//=====================================================================
// use libraries
//  Adafruit Unified Sensor Driver
//    https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Sensor
//  Adafruit Bus IO Library
//    https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO
//  Adafruit LIS3DH
//    https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_LIS3DH
//  SmartEverything ST HTS221 Humidity Sensor
//    https://github.com/ameltech/sme-hts221-library
//  ClosedCube Arduino Library for ClosedCube OPT3001
//    https://github.com/closedcube/ClosedCube_OPT3001_Arduino
//  ST7032 - Arduino LiquidCrystal compatible library
//    https://github.com/tomozh/arduino_ST7032
//=====================================================================

//---------------------------------------------------------------------
// difinition
//---------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <MsTimer2.h>                       // Timer
#include <Wire.h>                           // I2C

#include <Adafruit_LIS3DH.h>                // 3-axis accelerometer
#include <HTS221.h>                         // humidity and temperature sensor
#include <ClosedCube_OPT3001.h>             // Ambient Light Sensor
#include <ST7032.h>                         // LCD

//=====================================================================

//===============================================
// シリアルモニタへの出力
//      #define SERIAL_MONITOR = 出力あり
//	  //#define SERIAL_MONITOR = 出力なし(コメントアウトする)
//===============================================
#define SERIAL_MONITOR

//-----------------------------------------------
// IOピン一覧
//-----------------------------------------------
//  D0              0                   // PD0  (RXD)
//  D1              1                   // PD1  (TXD)
//  D2              2                   // PD2  (INT0)
//  D3              3                   // PD3  (INT1)
//  D4              4                   // PD4
//  D5              5                   // PD5
//  D6              6                   // PD6
//  D7              7                   // PD7
//  D8              8                   // PB0  (S-UART2_RX)
//  D9              9                   // PB1  (S-UART2_TX)
//  D10             10                  // PB2  (SS)
//  D11             11                  // PB3  (MOSI)
//  D12             12                  // PB4  (MISO)
//  D13             13                  // PB5  (SCK/LED)

//  D14             14                  // [A0] PC0
//  D15             15                  // [A1] PC1
//  D16             16                  // [A2] PC2
//  D17             17                  // [A3] PC3

//-----------------------------------------------
// プログラム内で使用する定数定義
//-----------------------------------------------
//------------------------------
// I2Cアドレス
//------------------------------
#define LIS2DH_ADDRESS          0x19        // Accelerometer (SD0/SA0 pin = VCC)
#define OPT3001_ADDRESS         0x45        // Ambient Light Sensor (ADDR pin = VCC)
#define LCD_I2C_EXPANDER_ADDR   0x1A        // LCD I2C Expander
#define BATT_ADC_ADDR           0x50        // Battery ADC

//-----------------------------------------------
// loop interval
// MsTimer2のタイマー割り込み発生間隔(ms)
//-----------------------------------------------
#define LOOP_INTERVAL 125                   // 125ms interval

//---------------------------------------------------------------------
// object
//---------------------------------------------------------------------
//------------------------------
// LCD
//------------------------------
  ST7032 lcd;

//------------------------------
// Sensor
//------------------------------
Adafruit_LIS3DH accel = Adafruit_LIS3DH();
ClosedCube_OPT3001 light;      

//---------------------------------------------------------------------
// プログラムで使用する変数定義
//---------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------
// LCD
//---------------------------
int8_t lcdSendCount = 0;

//------------------------------
// Loop counter
//------------------------------
uint8_t iLoop1s = 0;

//------------------------------
// Event
//------------------------------
bool event1s = false;

//------------------------------
// interval Timer interrupt
//------------------------------
volatile bool bInterval = false;

//------------------------------
// LIS2DH : Accelerometer
//------------------------------
float dataX_g, dataY_g, dataZ_g;
float dataTilt;

//------------------------------
// HTS221 : Humidity and Temperature sensor
//------------------------------
float dataTemp;
float dataHumid;

//--------------------
// 2点補正用データ
//--------------------
// 温度補正用データ0
float TL0 = 25.0;     // 4-Sensors温度測定値
float TM0 = 25.0;     // 温度計等測定値
// 温度補正用データ1
float TL1 = 40.0;     // 4-Sensors温度測定値
float TM1 = 40.0;     // 温度計等測定値

// 湿度補正用データ0
float HL0 = 60.0;     // 4-Sensors湿度測定値
float HM0 = 60.0;     // 湿度計等測定値
// 湿度補正用データ1
float HL1 = 80.0;     // 4-Sensors湿度測定値
float HM1 = 80.0;     // 湿度計等測定値

//------------------------------
// OPT3001 : Ambient Light Sensor
//------------------------------
float dataLight;

//---------------------------
// Battery
//---------------------------
float dataBatt = 0;

//=====================================================================
// setup
//=====================================================================
void setup(){
  Wire.begin();                 // I2C 100kHz
#ifdef SERIAL_MONITOR
  	Serial.begin(115200);       // UART 115200bps
    Serial.println("=========================================");
    Serial.println("setup start");
#endif

  i2c_write_byte(LCD_I2C_EXPANDER_ADDR, 0x03, 0xFE);
  i2c_write_byte(LCD_I2C_EXPANDER_ADDR, 0x01, 0x01);      // LCD 電源ON
  // LCD設定
  lcd.begin(8, 2);
  lcd.setContrast(30);
  lcd.clear();   

  lcd.print("NOW");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("BOOTING!");

  setupPort();
  delay(10);

  noInterrupts();
  setupTCInt();
  interrupts();

  setupSensor();
  MsTimer2::start();      // Timer inverval start

#ifdef SERIAL_MONITOR
    Serial.println("");
    Serial.println("=========================================");
    Serial.println("loop start");
    Serial.println("");
#endif
}

//-----------------------------------------------
// IOピンの入出力設定
// 接続するリーフに合わせて設定する
//-----------------------------------------------
void setupPort(){
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------
// 各デバイスの初期設定
//---------------------------------------------------------------------
//------------------------------
// Sensor
//------------------------------
void setupSensor(){
  //-------------------------------------
  // LIS2DH (accelerometer)
  //-------------------------------------
  accel.begin(LIS2DH_ADDRESS);

  accel.setClick(0, 0);                             // Disable Interrupt
  accel.setRange(LIS3DH_RANGE_2_G);                 // Full scale +/- 2G
  accel.setDataRate(LIS3DH_DATARATE_10_HZ);         // Data rate = 10Hz

  //-------------------------------------
  // HTS221 (Humidity and Temperature sensor)
  //-------------------------------------
  smeHumidity.begin(); 

  //-------------------------------------
  // OPT3001 (Ambient Light Sensor)
  //-------------------------------------
  OPT3001_Config newConfig;
  OPT3001_ErrorCode errorConfig;

  light.begin(OPT3001_ADDRESS);                 // I2C address

  newConfig.RangeNumber = B1100;                // automatic full scale
  newConfig.ConvertionTime = B1;                // convertion time = 800ms
  newConfig.ModeOfConversionOperation = B11;    // continous conversion
  newConfig.Latch = B0;                         // hysteresis-style
  
  errorConfig = light.writeConfig(newConfig);
  
  if(errorConfig != NO_ERROR){
    errorConfig = light.writeConfig(newConfig);   //retry
  }
}

//=====================================================================
// 割り込み処理
//=====================================================================
//-----------------------------------------------
// 割り込み処理初期設定
// Timer interrupt (interval=125ms, int=overflow)
// メインループのタイマー割り込み設定
//-----------------------------------------------
void setupTCInt(){
  MsTimer2::set(LOOP_INTERVAL, intTimer);
}

//----------------------------------------------
// Timer INT
// タイマー割り込み関数
//----------------------------------------------
void intTimer(){
  bInterval = true;
}

//====================================================================
// loop
//====================================================================
//---------------------------------------------------------------------
// Main loop
//---------------------------------------------------------------------
void loop(){
  //-----------------------------------------------------
  // Timer interval 125ms で1回ループ
  //-----------------------------------------------------
  if (bInterval == true){
     bInterval = false; 
    //--------------------------------------------    
    loopCounter();                    // loop counter
    //--------------------------------------------
    // 1sに1回実行する
    //--------------------------------------------
    if (event1s == true){
      event1s = false;                  // initialize parameter
      loopSensor();                     // sensor read
      dispSencerData();                 // LCD
    }
  } 
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------
// Counter
// メインループのループ回数をカウントし
// 1秒間隔でセンサーデータの取得をONにする
//---------------------------------------------------------------------
void loopCounter(){
  iLoop1s += 1;
  //--------------------
  // 1s period
  //--------------------
  if (iLoop1s >=  8){             // 125ms x 8 = 1s
    iLoop1s = 0;
    event1s = true;
  }
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------
// Sensor
// センサーデータ取得がONのとき、各センサーからデータを取得
// コンソール出力がONのときシリアルに測定値と計算結果を出力する
//---------------------------------------------------------------------
void loopSensor(){
  double temp_mv;
    //-------------------------
    // LIS2DH
    // 3軸センサーのデータ取得
    //-------------------------
    accel.read();
    dataX_g = accel.x_g;    //X軸
    dataY_g = accel.y_g;    //Y軸
    dataZ_g = accel.z_g;    //Z軸

    if(dataZ_g >= 1.0){
      dataZ_g = 1.00;
    } else if (dataZ_g <= -1.0){
      dataZ_g = -1.00;
    }

    dataTilt = acos(dataZ_g)/PI*180;
    
    //-------------------------
    // HTS221
    // 温湿度センサーデータ取得
    //-------------------------
    dataTemp = (float)smeHumidity.readTemperature();  //温度
    dataHumid = (float)smeHumidity.readHumidity();    //湿度

    //-------------------------
    // 温度と湿度の2点補正
    //-------------------------
    dataTemp=TM0+(TM1-TM0)*(dataTemp-TL0)/(TL1-TL0);      // 温度補正
    dataHumid=HM0+(HM1-HM0)*(dataHumid-HL0)/(HL1-HL0);    // 湿度補正

    //-------------------------
    // OPT3001
    // 照度センサーデータ取得
    //-------------------------
    OPT3001 result = light.readResult();

    if(result.error == NO_ERROR){
      dataLight = result.lux;
    }

  //-------------------------
  // ADC081C027(ADC)
  // 電池リーフ電池電圧取得
  //-------------------------
  uint8_t adcVal1 = 0;
  uint8_t adcVal2 = 0;

  Wire.beginTransmission(BATT_ADC_ADDR);
  Wire.write(0x00);
  Wire.endTransmission(false);
  Wire.requestFrom(BATT_ADC_ADDR,2);
  adcVal1 = Wire.read();
  adcVal2 = Wire.read();

  if (adcVal1 == 0xff && adcVal2 == 0xff) { 
    //測定値がFFならバッテリリーフはつながっていない
    adcVal1 = adcVal2 = 0;
  }

  //電圧計算 ADC * ((リファレンス電圧(3.3V)/ ADCの分解能(256)) * 分圧比(2倍))
  temp_mv = ((double)((adcVal1 << 4) | (adcVal2 >> 4)) * 3300 * 2) / 256;
  dataBatt = (float)(temp_mv / 1000);

    //-------------------------
    // シリアルモニタ表示
    //-------------------------
#ifdef SERIAL_MONITOR
    Serial.println("--- sensor data ---");    
    Serial.println("  Tmp[degC]     = " + String(dataTemp));
    Serial.println("  Hum[%]        = " + String(dataHumid));
    Serial.println("  Lum[lx]       = " + String(dataLight));
    Serial.println("  Ang[arc deg]  = " + String(dataTilt));
    Serial.println("  Bat[V]        = " + String(dataBatt));
#endif
}

//---------------------------------------
//  Disp sensor data
// センサーデータを文字列に変換してLCDに表示する
//---------------------------------------
void dispSencerData(){
  float value;
  char temp[7], humid[7], light[7], tilt[7], battVolt[7];
  char sendData[40];

  //-----------------------------------
  //センサーデータを文字列に変換
  //dtostrf(変換する数字,変換される文字数,小数点以下の桁数,変換した文字の格納先);
  //変換される文字数を-にすると変換される文字は左詰め、+なら右詰めとなる
  //-----------------------------------
  //-------------------------
  // Temperature (4Byte)
  //-------------------------
  value = dataTemp;
  if(value >= 100){
    value = 99.9;
  }
  else if(value <= -10){    
    value = -9.9;
  } 
  dtostrf(value,4,1,temp);

  //-------------------------
  // Humidity (4Byte)
  //-------------------------
  value = dataHumid;   
  dtostrf(value,4,1,humid);

  //-------------------------
  // Ambient Light (5Byte)
  //-------------------------
  value = dataLight;
  if(value >= 100000){
    value = 99999;
  }      
  dtostrf(value,5,0,light);
 
  //-------------------------
  // Tilt (4Byte)
  //-------------------------
  value = dataTilt;
  if(value < 3){
    value = 0;
  }
  dtostrf(value,4,0,tilt);

  //-------------------------
  // Battery Voltage (4Byte)
  //-------------------------
  value = dataBatt;
  if (value >= 10){
   value = 9.99;
  }
  dtostrf(value, 4, 2, battVolt);

  //-------------------------
  trim(temp);
  trim(humid);
  trim(light); 
  trim(tilt);
  trim(battVolt);

  lcd.clear();
  switch (lcdSendCount){
    case 0:                 // Tmp XX.X [degC]       
      lcd.print("Temp");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print( String(temp) +" C");        
      break;
    case 1:                 // Hum xx.x [%]
      lcd.print("Humidity");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print( String(humid) +" %");     
      break;
    case 2:                 // Lum XXXXX [lx]
      lcd.print("Luminous");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print( String(light) +" lx"); 
      break;
    case 3:                 // Ang XXXX [arc deg]
      lcd.print("Angle");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print( String(tilt) +" deg");
      break;
    case 4:                 // Bat X.XX [V]
      lcd.print("Battery");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print( String(battVolt) +" V");
      break;
    default:
      break;
  }
  if (lcdSendCount < 4){
    lcdSendCount++;
  }
  else{
    lcdSendCount = 0;
  }
}

//---------------------------------------
// trim 
// 文字列配列からSPを削除する
//---------------------------------------
void trim(char * data){
  int i = 0, j = 0;

  while (*(data + i) != '\0'){
    if (*(data + i) != ' '){
      *(data + j) = *(data + i);
      j++;
    }
    i++;
  }
  *(data + j) = '\0';
}

//=====================================================================
// I2C 制御関数
//=====================================================================
//-----------------------------------------------
//I2C スレーブデバイスに1バイト書き込む
//-----------------------------------------------
void i2c_write_byte(int device_address, int reg_address, int write_data){
  Wire.beginTransmission(device_address);
  Wire.write(reg_address);
  Wire.write(write_data);
  Wire.endTransmission();
}

//-----------------------------------------------
//I2C スレーブデバイスから1バイト読み込む
//-----------------------------------------------
unsigned char i2c_read_byte(int device_address, int reg_address){
  int read_data = 0;

  Wire.beginTransmission(device_address);
  Wire.write(reg_address);
  Wire.endTransmission(false);

  Wire.requestFrom(device_address, 1);
  read_data = Wire.read();

  return read_data;
}

4-Sensors_LCD.ino

Execution Results

The LCD display changes in the following order: Temperature → Humidity → Illuminance → Angle → Remaining battery charge.

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Last modified 15.03.2021